鄂西宁乡式铁矿分布层位岩相特征与成因探讨   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

胡宁  徐安武 《地质找矿论丛》1998,13(1):40-47

鄂西宁乡式铁矿分布广、规模大,尤以普遍发育赤铁矿鲕粒而独具特色。并且它一般赋存于加里东运动后第一个海浸沉积序列中由碎屑岩向碳酸盐岩过渡的层位,岩相古地理环境有明显的控制作用。本文铁矿层中赤铁矿鲕粒类型之繁多,结构之复杂,安全可与碳酸盐鲕粒相提并论,其成因亦非常相似,均为强烈搅动环境中机械沉积的产物。经波浪和潮汐水流的再次搬运富集。最后定们于中等一弱动荡环境或相地低凹摈滨相上部。  相似文献   

Nonlinear bacterial load‐streamflow response on a marine beach          下载免费PDF全文

Wai Thoe  Joseph Hun‐wei Lee 《水文研究》2015,29(6):1238-1251

Bacterial concentration (Escherichia coli) is used as the key indicator for marine beach water quality in Hong Kong. For beaches receiving streamflow from unsewered catchments, water quality is mainly affected by local nonpoint source pollution and is highly dependent on the bacterial load contributed from the catchment. As most of these catchments are ungauged, the bacterial load is generally unknown. In this study, streamflow and the associated bacterial load contributed from an unsewered catchment to a marine beach, Big Wave Bay, are simulated using a modelling approach. The physically based distributed hydrological model, MIKE‐SHE, and the empirical watershed water quality model (Hydrological Simulation Program – Fortran) are used to simulate streamflow and daily‐averaged E. coli concentration/load, respectively. The total daily derived loads predicted by the model during calibration (June–July 2007) and validation (July–October 2008) periods agree well with empirical validation data, with a percentage difference of 3 and 2%, respectively. The simulation results show a nonlinear relationship between E. coli load and rainfall/streamflow and reveal a source limiting nature of nonpoint source pollution. The derived load is further used as an independent variable in a multiple linear regression (MLR) model to predict daily beach water quality. When compared with the MLR models based solely on hydrometeorological input variables (e.g. rainfall and salinity), the new model based on bacterial load predicts much more realistic E. coli concentrations during rainstorms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Distribution patterns of interstitial polychaetes in sandy beaches of southern Brazil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Maikon Di Domenico  Paulo da Cunha Lana  & André R. S. Garraffoni 《Marine Ecology》2009,30(1):47-62

This study describes the distribution patterns of interstitial polychaetes along morphodynamic gradients on six exposed sandy beaches in Santa Catarina and Paraná (South Brazil). Three random transects were sampled at two points on each beach, one at the swash and another at the surf zone, in winter and summer conditions. Six sediment replicates were collected at each sampling point using a corer of 4.6 cm internal diameter that removed 10 cm into the sediment. Abundance and composition of interstitial polychaete were correlated to wave height, slope, grain size, CaCO₃, chlorophyll a , omega indexes, temperature and relative tide range using a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). A factorial ANOVA showed that taxa richness, mean density and Shannon's diversity were significantly higher at the reflective beaches, but average values differ significantly between transects and these differences change according to the beach zones on both sampling dates. PERMANOVA showed that polychaete associations differ among transects according to the beach zones. The composition of interstitial polychaete associations was significantly correlated to beach morphodynamics and features (P < 0.01). Polychaete associations of reflective beaches were more diverse than in other morphodynamic states. Intermediate beaches may also sustain diverse associations due to temporal variability of the morphodynamic patterns. Beaches presenting extreme dissipative morphodynamics and compacted sediments appear to be unfavourable for the occurrence of interstitial polychaetes.  相似文献   

Structure and distribution of the benthic macrofauna on a Northwest African sandy beach close to a freshwater river discharge     

Abdellatif Chaouti  Isabella Colombini  Mario Fallaci  Elena Gagnarli  Lorenzo Chelazzi  & Abdellatif Bayed 《Marine Ecology》2008,29(S1):99-107

The effects of the freshwater discharge of the Oued Sebou River on the macroinfauna, was studied on the sandy beach of Mehdia through the analysis of the abiotic parameters and of the macrozoobenthos. In autumn 2002 and spring 2003, three beach sites, each with two transects, localized at 50, 3500 and 5720 m from the river mouth respectively, were studied. Positive correlations were recorded for beach slope and pH whereas negative ones were obtained for organic matter content and salinity at increasing distances from the river mouth. Significant differences between beach sites and seasons occurred for median grain size, organic matter content and pH. For each beach site, mean macroinfauna abundance varied between 30 and 100 ind.·m⁻² and in spring there was a significant correlation between this parameter and the increasing distance from the river mouth. No significant correlation was instead found between species richness and the increasing distance, although the farthest beach site from the mouth had the highest number of species during both seasons. The results indicated the importance of organic matter content and salinity for the macrofaunal abundance whereas the diversity indices were more affected by beach slope and grain size. The results showed that there was no clear spatial trend in compound indices of the macrofauna across the sampled sites and the influence of the river discharge of Sebou River did not seem to be significant and consistent on the macrobenthos of this mesotidal shore. Comparison with microtidal shores revealed the influence of the tidal excursion and swell characteristics on the response of the benthic structures of sandy beaches to discharges of freshwater.  相似文献   

福建岬湾岸型沙质海滩对台风的响应特征     

彭俊  蔡锋  李谷祺  雷刚  黄燕 《台湾海峡》2008,27(1):87-91

对福建沿岸岬湾岸型沙质海滩的蚀淤变化分析,结果表明:在0418号台风"艾利"袭击下,台风移动路径左侧的两个海滩表现为侵蚀,滩肩蚀低,滨线向陆移动,其中岩下村海滩比卒子村海滩的侵蚀严重,岩下村海滩侵蚀集中在后滨和高潮带,卒子村海滩侵蚀集中在中、低潮带;台风移动路径右侧的衙口村海滩相对比较稳定,仅中潮带出现弱淤积,后滨向陆侧人工堆积沙丘遭受侵蚀.  相似文献   

The Belgian sandy beach ecosystem: a review     

Jeroen Speybroeck  Dries Bonte  Wouter Courtens  Tom Gheskiere  Patrick Grootaert  Jean-Pierre Maelfait  Sam Provoost  Koen Sabbe  Eric W. M. Stienen  Vera Van Lancker  Wouter Van Landuyt  Magda Vincx  & Steven Degraer 《Marine Ecology》2008,29(S1):171-185

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苏北潮滩的近期变化分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

宋召军  黄海军  王珍岩  严立文  樊建勇 《海洋科学》2008,32(6):25-29

利用1999～2000年条子泥岸滩剖面实测数据和1982～1983年东沙沙滩剖面资料，分析了条子泥岸滩和东沙沙滩剖面的冲淤变化。结果表明，条子泥陆侧岸滩剖面的季节性变化特点是夏季侵蚀，冬季淤积；东沙沙脊年际变化特点为两侧边缘以侵蚀为主，而沙脊中央则以淤积为主。造成条子泥岸滩剖面季节性差异的主要原因是其周围海域中高浓度悬沙的秋、冬季落淤大于夏季所致。东沙沙脊东西两侧强烈的潮流和波浪作用使沙脊的两侧遭受较为明显的侵蚀。  相似文献   

南麂列岛大沙岙沙滩贝类的时空分布     

高爱根  曾江宁  徐晓群  寿鹿  廖一波  陈全震  胡锡钢  杨俊毅 《海洋学研究》2008,26(2):13-19

南麂列岛作为观光旅游的休闲去处正在日益升温,其中沙滩游玩是最大的活动亮点,大沙岙是南麂列岛最具代表性的沙滩,沙滩内生活着较多贝类,随大量人员的涌入和沿岸环境污染的日趋加重,大沙岙沙滩贝类的栖息地环境受到了较大程度的危害、人为活动正影响着贝类的生长发育。为探明近年来大沙岙贝类种类、数量及群落结构的变化,在南麂列岛国家海洋自然保护区建立初期(1992年)生态调查的基础上,于2003年再次对大沙岙贝类进行了采样分析,结果表明:大沙岙沙滩12种贝类的平均生物量和栖息密度分别为30.16g/m2和20个/m2,北断面开放区贝类的平均生物量和栖息密度(13.98g/m2和11个/m2)明显少于受监控的南断面核心区(46.33g/m2和30个/m2),贝类的平均生物量和栖息密度的垂直分布低潮区(48.43g/m2和31个/m2)高于中潮区(28.03g/m2和20个/m2),贝类的平均栖息密度7月高于3月,北断面贝类的季节变化、多样性和均匀度指数大于南断面。与建区初期同季调查资料比对发现,2003年北断面贝类数量下降幅度(14倍)显著大于南断面贝类下降幅度(1倍)。分析认为,自然环境变化和人为采捕是影响沙滩贝类数量下降的主要外部因子。  相似文献   

海岸沙坝剖面和滩肩剖面特征研究     

张洋  邹志利  苟大荀  罗年鹏  尹晶 《海洋学报》2015,37(1):147-157

通过物理模型实验研究了海岸沙坝剖面和滩肩剖面的形成和演化过程,给出了稳定的沙坝剖面和滩肩剖面的几何特征。实验中考虑了两种初始坡度(1∶20和1∶10)和不同波高的规则波和不规则波,讨论了不同初始坡度海岸上破碎波空间分布特征。结果表明,沙坝产生后存在向岸和离岸两种运动形态,但最终将停留在稳定位置。稳定的沙坝剖面对应不同初始坡度和波浪存在不同的大沙坝和小沙坝分布。沙坝剖面由长时间小波高波浪序列作用后可转化为稳定滩肩剖面,该剖面不依赖于波浪和初始坡度。实验也给出了平衡剖面与理论曲线的对比以及剖面上泥沙粒径的分布。  相似文献   

深圳大鹏半岛南岸西冲海滩的沉积物来源、平面形态稳定性及横向变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANG Song  WANG Wei  HUANG Rihui  XU Liubing 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(3):76-89

The coast of the Dapeng Peninsula has been honored as one of "the eight most beautiful coasts in China". The most precious tourism resource for the peninsula is headland bay beaches, among which the beach at Xichong on the southern coast of the peninsula is the longest and the most important one. The information of the stability, sedimentary source and shape change of the beach is very important for maintaining the beach in terms of sustainable development of the peninsula. Heavy minerals in the sand of the beach and the inland stream at Xichong are compared with those of a nearby beach on the same coast to determine the beach sand source; with help of a computer software, MEPBAY, the equilibrium planforms of the beaches on the peninsula are compared with those of an island without rivers to evaluate the stream’s effects on the beach stability; cross shore profiles along the Xichong beach are also surveyed in different seasons of a year to assess the annual shore normal beach changes affected by the stream input, and the relation between the equilibrium planform state and cross shore changes of the beach. It is shown that(1) stream is the main sedimentary source of the beach and the weathering materials of the rocky headlands on both sides of the bay transported by waves are the second source for the beach but it is limited, sand from an inner shelf is not the sedimentary source for the beach at present and was not even during the Holocene transgression;(2) the Xichong beach cannot reach static equilibrium around the entire bay shoreline, the segment of the shoreline where a stream outlet is located is in dynamic equilibrium, and the unstable section occurs in the wave shadow region in the lee of an offshore island;(3) no matter whether the section of the beach shoreline at Xichong is in an equilibrium state or not, it is eroded in the typhoon season and recovered after the season, the maximum change in erosion and accretion occurs in the unstable segment;(4) the Xichong beach can only have small sand body since it is supplied with sand mainly form inland streams, resulting in a possible danger in which sand loss induced by human activities or huge storms cannot be replenished naturally.  相似文献